不同朝天椒种质资源品质和产量的综合评价

为了筛选适应贵州地区种植的朝天椒品种,以资源圃收集的48份朝天椒种质资源为研究对象,对其粗脂肪、蛋白质、维生素C、辣椒素、粗纤维、干物质等6项品质指标和产量进行测定,并利用隶属函数值法和聚类分析法对所得数据进行综合评价分析。结果表明：48份朝天椒种质资源的品质和产量存在较大差异。其中,粗脂肪含量范围在0.12~0.71 g/100 g之间,平均含量为0.47 g/100 g,品种‘黔辣10号’含量最高;蛋白质含量范围在2.36~3.67 g/100 g之间,平均含量为2.90 g/100 g,品种‘DZ-33’含量最高;维生素C含量范围在48.51~74.64 mg/100 g之间,平均含量为59.07 mg/100 g,品种‘子弹头’含量最高;辣椒素含量范围在6.63~72.54 mg/100 g之间,平均含量为31.49 mg/100 g,品种‘香脆白米椒’含量最高;粗纤维含量范围在2.32%~10.45%之间,平均含量为7.59%,品种‘黔辣18号’含量最高;干物质含量范围在11.12%~20.98%之间,平均含量为15.66%,品种‘单生理想’含量最高;干椒产量范围在189.66~442.81 kg/667 m²之间,平均产量为304.62 kg/667 m²,品种‘2018-70’平均干椒产量最高。6项品质指标的平均隶属度值在0.29~0.75之间,相差0.46,种质资源间差异较大。聚类分析可将48份朝天椒种质资源分为3大类群,第Ⅰ类群包括26份种质资源,占总资源数的54.17%,6项品质指标的平均含量和平均干椒产量都处于居中水平;第Ⅱ类群包括16份种质资源,占总资源数的33.33%,6项品质指标的平均含量都处于最低水平,但平均干椒产量处于最高水平;第Ⅲ类群包括6份种质资源,占总资源数的12.50%,6项品质指标的平均含量都处于最高水平,综合品质表现最好,但平均干椒产量最低。开展朝天椒种质资源品质和产量的综合评价分析,可为朝天椒种质资源的创新利用以及新品种选育奠定基础。

Comprehensive Analysis on Quality and Yield of Different Pod Pepper Germplasm Resources

To screen the pod pepper varieties suitable for cultivation in Guizhou, 48 pod pepper varieties were chosen to measure and analyze the crude fat, protein, vitamin C, capsaicin, crude fiber, dry matter and yield, and were comprehensively evaluated through the membership function value method and cluster analysis method. The results showed that there were differences in the comprehensive quality and yield of the 48 pod pepper germplasm resources. The crude fat content was between 0.12 to 0.71 g/100 g, with as average 0.47 g/100 g, and the highest for ‘Qianjiao No. 10’, The protein content was between 2.36 to 3.67 g/100 g, with an average 2.90 g/100 g, and the highest for ‘DZ-33’. The vitamin C content was between 48.51 to 74.64 mg/100 g, with an average 59.07 mg/100 g, and the highest for ‘Zidantou’. The capsaicin content was between 6.63 to 72.54 mg/100 g, with an average 31.49 mg/100 g, and the highest for ‘Xiangcuibaimijiao’. The crude fiber content was between 2.32% to 10.45%, with asn average 7.59%, and the highest for ‘Qianjiao No. 18’. The dry matter content was between 11.12% to 20.98 %, with an average 15.66%, and the highest for ‘Danshenglixiang’. The yield of dried pepper content was between 189.66 to 442.81 kg/667 m², with an average 304.62 kg/667 m², and the highest for ‘2018-70’. The average membership value of the 6 quality traits was between 0.29 to 0.75, with a difference of 0.46, and there was a large difference between the resources. Cluster analysis could divide the 48 pod pepper germplasm resources into 3 major groups. GroupⅠincluded 26 germplasm resources, accounting for 54.17% of the total resources. The average content of the 6 quality indicators and the average yield content were all in the middle level. GroupⅡincluded 16 germplasm resources, accounting for 33.33% of the total resources. The average content of the 6 quality indicators wais at the lowest level, but the average yield was at the highest level. GroupⅢincluded 6 germplasm resources, accounting for 12.50% of the total resources. The average content of the 6 quality indicators was at the highest level, and the overall quality was the best, but the average yield of dried pepper per mu was the lowest. The study couls lay a foundation for the innovative utilization of pod pepper germplasm resources and the breeding of new varieties.