大豆脂肪含量与生态因子关系的研究

2001～2002年在河南省夏大豆主产区的5个试点,以豫豆25号13期分期播种的方法,研究了气象、土壤养分和海拔等38个生态因子对豫豆25号脂肪含量的关系,通过逐步回归统计分析,筛选出与大豆脂肪含量密切相关的11个生态因素间的直线或曲线关系.明确了夏大豆鼓粒成熟期较少的日照、较高的均温、较多的降水和较大的昼夜温差以及出苗期较高的均温和花荚期较多的降水利于脂肪的积累形成.较高的土壤全氮和钾含量、较低的硫含量有利于大豆脂肪大幅度提高.在本试验pH值6.95～7.89范围内,偏碱性土壤利于脂肪的形成.在本试验研究因子范围内,其它生态因子对大豆脂肪含量无明显影响.

EFFECTS OF ECOLOGICAL FACTORS ON SOYBEAN FAT CONTENT

The soybean cultivar Yudou No.25 was sown at different dates in 5 locations of Henan Province in 2001 and 2002.One hundred and nine samples of soybean fat content and 38 ecological factors were received.The stepwise regression was used to screen the correlated factors,which significantly affected fat content of soybean.Results showed that: the less sunshine hours,higher mean temperature,more rainfall and higher diurnal temperature variation from seed-filling to maturing were better for fat accumulating,and higher mean temperature it emerging,more rainfall in blooming and poding were suitable for fat accumulating;the higher total nitrogen and total potassium,lower sulfur were fit for fat forming;in the range of pH 6.95 to7.89,higher pH 7.89 was the best value for fat forming;the fat content would not be affected by rest ecological factors in the range of this test.