杨树内生真菌的分离和拮抗生防菌的筛选

从健康杨树植株的叶(芽)、皮、枝中分离获得154株内生真菌,经形态观察分类鉴定归属于3个目、5个科、13个属中.利用两点对峙培养拮抗试验、孢子萌发试验和人工接种试验,从中筛选杨树烂皮病病原菌的拮抗菌.试验结果表明所获内生真菌(4属)菌株对病原菌菌丝生长和孢子萌发均存在不同程度的抑制作用,其中,青霉属真菌(Penicillium sp.)的菌株拮抗效果表现最明显.青霉菌可迅速对病原菌菌落包围、覆盖,从而使植物病原菌生长受到抑制,孢子萌发试验中,3 d的培养滤液就可对病原菌孢子萌发产生抑制作用,表现出一定的生防潜能.

Isolation of Endophytes and Screen of Antagonistic Strains in Poplar Trees

In a survey of endophytic fungi associated with Populus spp.in Huhhot,Inner Mengolia,154 fungal strains were isolated from leaves(bud),teguments and branches.The strains were classified into 13 different genera based on their morphological characteristics.The authous tested the antagonistic action of the 154 endophytic fungi on the pathogen,Cytospora sp.with the dual culture,germination of spores and inoculation experiments.The results showed that all endophytic fungi tested can inhibite,in some content,mycelium growth and spore germination of Cytospora sp.respectively.The strains of Penicillium sp.had the strongest antifungal effictiveness on the pathogen.In the antagonistic test,the colonial growth of Cytospora sp.was compressed and covered by the fast mycelial growth of Penicillium sp.So the development of Cytospora sp.was inhibited.In spore germination experiment,the filtrate from Penicillium sp.cultivated in liquid for three days also inhibited the growth of Cytospora sp.Therefore,the strain of Penicillium sp.could have a potential capability for biological control.