枫杨种源苗期生长及生物量地理变异研究

对采自15个省区的55个枫杨种源种子在浙江安吉进行苗期试验。参试种源表现出明显的苗期生长差异，苗高的极差达163％，地径极差达180％，生物量极差达194％。种源苗高生长表现出明显的南－北纬向及垂直变异趋势，枫杨南部分布区及低海拔种源的高生长一般优于北部分布区和高海拔地区的种源。枫杨在长江中下游亚区、江南丘陵及华南亚区、漓江－湘江－洞庭湖水系、贵川陕西部亚区、北部亚区内表现出各自的亚区变异模式。根据苗高、地径及总生物量等主要性状，构建综合选择指数函数I＝0．1167X1（总干质量／g) 0.0750X2(苗高／cm)-0.1231X3(地径／cm)，并评选出6个苗期生长优良的种源，即江西南部的信丰，贵州东北部的思南，陕西中部的汉中，湖南洞庭湖的益阳，重庆的涪陵以及福建东北部的福安种源。

Geographic Variations of Seedlings Growth and Biomass in Chinese Wingnut (Pterocarya stenoptera) Provenance

The Chinese wingnut seedling provenance trial containing 55 seedlots collected from its full distribution zone was conducted in Anji, northern Zhejiang Province. The provenances showed significant differences in growth traits, such as difference up to 163% for height, 180% for ground diameter and 194% for dry biomass between the best and worst seedlot. The results showed that seedling height was closely related to latitude and altitude of the seedlots, which means that southern seedlots or those from lower altitude are generally better than northern ones or those from higher altitude. It is found that the different geographic variation patterns existed in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River valley sub zone, southern hilly sub zone, Lijiang River Xiangjiang River Dongtinghu Lake system, Guizhou Sichuan Shanxi western sub zone, north sub zone. The comprehensive selection index was constructed as below: I=0.116 7X 1(total dry biomass)+0.075 0X 2(seedling height)-0.123 1X 3(ground diameter), and 6 superior provenances were screened out based on the index, i.e., Xingfeng in southern Jiangxi, Sinan in north eastern Guizhou, Hanzhong in central Shanxi, Yiyang in Dongtinghu Lake area, Fuling of Chongqing as well as Fuan in north eastern Fujian.