大田作物秸秆量评估中秸秆系数取值研究

本研究对《中国统计年鉴》各省的大田作物的不同种类,根据2006—2011年报导的秸秆系数的实测值,研究确定各省市自治区(除港、澳、台外)各类大田作物的秸秆系数取值,以数学模拟取值法对水稻、小麦和玉米3大作物进行取值,以相同或相似地区平均取值法、同类作物取值法确定其他作物取值。结果表明:水稻的秸秆系数取值变幅为0.74～1.33,全国平均值为1.04。小麦的变幅为1.05～1.41,全国平均值为1.28。玉米的变幅为0.93～1.30,全国平均值为1.07。豆类和薯类的变幅分别为1.13～1.86和0.42～0.75,全国平均值分别为1.35和0.53。黄红麻和棉花的秸秆系数的变幅分别为1.22～2.23和2.41～4.09,全国平均值分别为1.73和2.87。花生、油菜和芝麻的变幅分别为0.85～1.43、2.57～3.17和1.78～2.23,全国平均值分别为0.99、2.90和1.89。甘蔗的秸秆系数在各省统一取值为0.34。甜菜和烟草的变幅分别为0.18～0.67和0.49～0.92,全国平均值分别为0.37和0.66。"其他谷类"、"其他油料"和"其他麻类"的秸秆系数在各省取值均相同,分别为2.32、2.63和6.55。

Value-taking for residue factor as a parameter to assessthe field residue of field crops

Residue factor(RF) is an important parameter which is used to estimate field residue quantity of field crop.The aim of this research is to determine RF of all the field crops in 31 provinces(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan) according to crop RF values published mainly between 2006 and 2011.The field crops were selected according China Statistical Yearbook.The mathematical models were built to determine the RFs of the three major crops,i.e.rice,wheat,and maize.Rice RF varied between 0.74 and 1.33 and with an average of 1.04 among 30 provinces.Wheat RF varied between 1.05 and 1.41 and averaged 1.28 among 30 provinces.Maize had RF ranged between 0.93 and 1.30 and averaged 1.07 among 31 provinces.Average RF in the same or similar region was taken for the other crops.RF of beans and tubers varied between 1.13 and 1.86 and between 0.42 and 0.75,and the average were 1.35 and 0.53,respectively.Jute and ambary hemp had RF ranged from1.22 to 2.23 and averaged 1.73.Cotton RF ranged from 2.41 to 4.09 and averaged 2.87.Peanut had RF between 0.85 and 1.43,canola between 2.57 and 3.17,whereas sesame between 1.78 and 2.23.Other cereals,other oil crops and other fibers were the same value in all provinces which were 2.32,2.63 and 6.55,respectively.