基于区域协同的我国耕地保护补偿框架构建及其测算

为构建国家耕地保护补偿机制,创建国家层面的耕地保护补偿框架,测算耕地保护补偿价值,本研究基于生态补偿理论和发展权理论,通过构建耕地保护补偿分析框架,采用国家统计数据,运用生态补偿测算方法和发展权测算方法,从国家层面对耕地保护补偿进行测算。结果表明:1)从全国层面看,耕地面积存在盈余,盈余面积为1 267.89万hm~2;耕地赤字省份和盈余省份各13个,其他为耕地平衡省份;2)耕地生态补偿总支付额为474.52亿元,总受偿金额为355.15亿元;耕地生态补偿的受偿省份和支付省份均为13个;3)全国现实耕地发展权价值为84.85万元/hm~2,高于全国平均的现实耕地发展权价值的省份有8个,低于全国平均的现实耕地发展权价值的省份有23个;4)耕地保护补偿价值是耕地生态补偿价值、未来占用耕地数量与单位面积耕地发展权价值的乘积之和,最终确定耕地保护补偿每年的给付标准。

Construction and calculation of cultivated land protection compensation framework based on regional coordination in China

The establishment of national cultivated land protection compensation mechanism is not only a policy tool to promote regional high-quality coordinated development and the construction of ecological civilization, but also an important way to practice the concept of national development. In order to build a national compensation mechanism for cultivated land protection, a national compensation framework for cultivated land protection is created, and the compensation value of cultivated land protection as the compensation reference value is calculated. Based on the theory of ecological compensation and development right, this study constructs the analysis framework of cultivated land protection compensation, uses the national statistical data, and uses the calculation methods of ecological compensation and development right to calculate the cultivated land protection compensation from the national level. The results show that: 1)From the national level, there is a surplus of cultivated land area of 12. 678 9 million hm². There are 13 deficit provinces and 13 surplus provinces, and the other provinces are cultivated land balance provinces; 2)The total amount expenditure of cultivated land ecological compensation is 47. 452 billion yuan, and the total amount compensation is 35. 515 billion yuan. There are 13 compensation provinces and payment provinces of cultivated land ecological compensation; 3)The total amount of cultivated land ecological compensation is 47. 452 billion yuan. The actual value of cultivated land development right in China is 848. 5 thousand yuan/hm², The actual values of 8 provinces are higher than the national average value of cultivated land development right, and those of 23 provinces are lower than the national average value of cultivated land development right; 4)The compensation value of cultivated land protection is the product sum of the ecological compensation value of cultivated land. The amount of cultivated land occupied in the future and the value of cultivated land development right per unit area, so as to determine the annual payment standard of cultivated land protection compensation.