国内外转基因检测能力验证概述

转基因检测以外源DNA、蛋白质等为检测对象,以定性和定量PCR技术、酶联免疫吸附技术为主要检测手段,最终判断样品中转基因成分组成及其含量。进行转基因检测的机构是转基因生物安全监管的重要技术支撑,应当确保检测结果可靠、准确。能力验证是实验室内部和外部质量控制的有效手段,监管机构借此来确定检测实验室的能力和水平。当前,中国转基因检测能力验证的组织水平与国外相比还有较大差距。介绍了国外一些机构如Fapas、GIPSA、ISTA组织转基因能力验证工作的流程,其共同点都是盲样检测,对阳性成分进行定值,并以离散度来判定结果。同时,介绍了中国农业部和质检系统组织能力验证的通常做法,以期提出进一步加强我国转基因检测能力验证工作的对策和建议。

Overview of the Proficiency Testing for GMO Detection

GMO detection takes exogenous DNA and protein as its object, the qualitative and quantitative PCR technique and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as the main detection method to estimate the composition of transgenosis and its content in samples. The institution conducting GMO detection is an important technical support for supervision of genetically modified organisms safety. The accurity and reliability of detection result should be insured. Proficiency testing is an effective means for internal and external quality controling in the laboratory. Whereby the supervision institution ensure the capability and level of the detection laboratory. At present, there is still a big gap between the organization level of Chinas genetically modified detection ability and foreign organizations. The paper introduced the work process of genetically modified ability to test and verify in some foreign institutions, such as FAPAS, GIPSA, ISTA organization. Their common point was blind detection, the positive component was fixed by value, and the result was judged by dispersion. At the same time, the paper also introduced the common practice by the Ministry of Agriculture in China, and put forward countermeasures and suggestions for further strengthening the work of proficiency testing of GMO detection in our country.