基于空间分析的黑龙江稻瘟病重点发生区域识别

黑龙江是北方重要稻作区,稻瘟病是影响水稻产量的主要病害之一。依据稻瘟病测报调查规范,基于近5年黑龙江稻瘟病乡村监测点调查数据,利用空间分析技术的方法,分析黑龙江稻瘟病重点发生区县和核心发生区域,提取稻瘟病重点发生乡村监测点。结果表明,近5年黑龙江稻瘟病发病面积占调查面积的7.3%,发病等级以1级为主,整体发生较轻,稻瘟病重点发生区域主要分布在松花江上游地区哈尔滨市的阿城、尚志、方正、延寿、通河、依兰沿线和松花江下游三江平原地区佳木斯市的富锦、同江一带,以及嫩江流域大庆市的肇源县和齐齐哈尔市的讷河市以及呼兰河流域绥化市北林区,并提取了98个叶瘟和47个穗颈瘟重点监测点。上述结果为黑龙江稻瘟病调查监测区域和监测点的布局优化提供了重要依据,为稻瘟病测报防控工作提供重要的支撑。

Key Area Analysis of Rice Blast in Heilongjiang Province Based on Spatial Analysis

Heilongjiang Province is an important rice-growing area in northern China. Rice blast is one of the major diseases affecting rice production. According to the rules of investigation and forecast of the rice blast, this paper analyzed the key occurrence counties and core occurrence areas of rice blast, and extracted key rural monitoring points of rice blast in Heilongjiang Province based on the survey data of the rice blast disease rural monitoring point during the past 5 years in Heilongjiang Province using spatial analysis. The results showed that in the past 5 years the incidence area of rice blast in Heilongjiang Province accounted for 7.3 % of the surveyed area, the onset grade was mainly level 1 and overall occurrence was lighter. The occurrence areas of rice blast were mainly distributed in Acheng, Shangzhi, Fangzheng, Yanshou, Tonghe, Yilan of Harbin City in the upper reaches of the Songhua River, the area of Fujin and Tongjiang in Jiamusi City in the lower reaches of Songhua River, the area of Zhaoyuan County of Daqing City, Nehe of Qiqihar City in Nenjiang River Basin and Beilin District of Suihua City in Hulan River basin. This paper selected several key monitoring points, including 98 leaf blast and 47 spike neck blast key monitoring points. These results provided important basis for distribution optimization of rice blast monitoring area and monitoring points in Heilongjiang Province, and also provided important support for monitoring, prevention and control of rice blast.