谷子叶片生长规律及主要农艺性状的相关性研究

目的]揭示谷子叶片生长规律及主要农艺性状之间的相关性。方法]以赤谷系列谷子赤谷4号、赤谷5号、赤谷6号、赤谷8号、赤谷9号、赤谷10号、峰谷12为材料,各品种标记10株,观察其叶片生长规律以及株高、穗长、千粒重、节数、草重、穗重、单株产量等主要农艺性状,并进行分析。结果]7个参试品种在幼苗期叶片的生长速度总体一致,都是3～4 d长出1片叶子,15片叶之后,叶片的生长速度加快;赤谷4号、赤谷5号、赤谷6号、赤谷8号、赤谷9号、赤谷10号、峰谷12在赤峰地区的叶片数分别为22、21、20、24、21～22、21～22、23片。赤谷6号叶片发育完成最早,赤谷10号叶片发育完成最晚;而成熟期也是赤谷6号最早,赤谷10号则最晚。单株产量与穗重呈极显著正相关,与千粒重、株高、穗长、草重、节数呈负相关,株高、穗长与草重呈显著正相关。结论]该研究可为谷子新品种选育及实现高产优质栽培提供指导。

Correlation between the Leaves Growth Rules and the Main Agronomic Traits of Foxtail Millet

Objective] To reveal the leaf growth rules and correlation between the agronomic traits of foxtail millet.Method] The Chigu series of foxtail millet: Chigu No.4,Chigu No.5,Chigu No.6,Chigu No.8,Chigu No.9,Chigu No.10 and Fenggu 12 were selected as the material,10 strains were collected of each cultivar to observe the growth rules of their leaves and measure their plant height,ear length,1 000-grain weight,section number,grass weight,ear weight,per plant yield and other agronomic traits.Result] The growth rate of seven tested varieties was basically consistent at the seedling stage,their first leaves all appeared at 3-4 d,but the growth of leaves became fast after the appearance of fifteen leaves;the leaves number of Chigu No.4,Chigu No.5,Chigu No.6,Chigu No.8,Chigu No.9,Chigu No.10,and Fenggu 12 in Chifeng area was 22,21,20,24,21-22,21-22 and 23.The leaves growth of Chigu No.6 completed the earliest,while that of Chigu No.10 completed the latest.Thus,Chigu No.6 matured the earliest,while Chigu No.10 matured the latest.Single plant yield was positively correlated with ear weight,while negatively correlated with 1 000-grain weight,plant height,ear length,grass weight and section number.Plant height and ear length were positively correlated with grass weight.Conclusion] The study provides guidance for the breeding of new cultivars and realizes the high yield and high quality of foxtail millet.