观赏海棠抗寒品种(系)的选择研究

以15个观赏海棠品种(系)的一年生休眠枝为试材,经低温胁迫处理后,分别对不同温度梯度下的相对电导率(REC)、可溶性糖(Soluble Sucrose)、可溶性蛋白(Soluble Protein)、脯氨酸(Proline)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性的变化进行了分析,以期研究影响观赏海棠抗寒性的主要生理指标,选择观赏海棠抗寒品种(系)。结果表明:随着胁迫温度的降低,相对电导率呈上升趋势,拟合Logistic方程得出15个观赏海棠品种(系)的LT50;不同低温胁迫下,SOD活性随胁迫温度的降低先升高后下降,;不同品种(系)的POD活性差异较大,随胁迫温度的降低呈先下降后上升的趋势;可溶性蛋白和丙二醛含量变化趋势相似,随着温度的降低先升后降;可溶性糖含量随温度的降低而逐渐积累;脯氨酸随胁迫温度的降低呈先升后降再升的变化趋势。主成分分析结果表明,对观赏海棠影响较大的抗寒性生理指标是SOD、相对电导率、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖。根据隶属函数法,求出隶属函数值,得出15个观赏海棠品种(系)的抗寒性强弱的排序为:‘凯尔斯’>T2>#3>T3>‘钻石’>#7>T1>‘绚丽’>‘红丽’>‘王族’>‘草莓果冻’>‘雪球’>‘粉芽’>‘宝石’>‘亚当’。山东本土观赏海棠优系T1、T2、T3具有较好的抗寒能力。

SELECTION OF COLD -RESISTANCE CULTIVARS (CLONES) IN CRABAPPLE (Malus spp.)

This study was conducted on the main physiological indicators which affects the cold-resistance of ornamental crabapple(Malus spp.) and to select cold-resistance ornamental crabapple cultivars(clones).The one-year-old dormant branches of fifteen ornamental crabapple cultivars(clones) were used as the materials.By the low-temperature stress treatment,the REC,the content of soluble sucrose,soluble protein,proline,MDA and activity of SOD and POD of the treated branches were determined.The results showed that as the temperature was decreasing,the REC rising.The LT50 of 15 ornamental crabapple cultivars(clones) was obtained with fitting Logistic equation.With the temperature decreasing,the activity of SOD demonstrated an up-to-down pattern.The POD activities of different cultivars(clones) were quite different,showing an down to up pattern.Soluble protein and MDA had a similar trend,showing an up-to-down pattern,respectively.The content of soluble sucrose gradually accumulated.With the temperature decreasing,proline showed an up-down-up pattern.Principal component analysis showed that the physiological indicators,which had a greater impact on the cold-resistance of ornamental crabapple were SOD,REC,soluble protein and soluble sucrose.According to membership function method,the membership function values were gotten.The results showed that the freezing tolerance of tested ornamental crabapple was:’Kelsey’ >T2 >#3> T3> ’Sparkler’> #7>T1> ’Radiant’> ’Red Splendor’> ’Royalty’> ’Strawberry Parfait’> ’Snowdrift’> ’Pink Spire’> ’Jew elberry’> ’Adams’.The ornamental crabapple clones T1,T2,and T3 native in Shandong Provence had a better resistance to cold.