黑龙江垦区耕地占补平衡存在的问题及对策研究

为了健全非农建设项目占用耕地的补偿机制,保障国家粮食战略后备基地储粮充足。本研究运用空间分析、实证研究等方法,对黑龙江垦区各管理局2000—2014年耕地增减变动情况进行分析。结果发现,在耕地占补平衡政策实施过程中存在制度缺失、"占优补劣"、农民不合理利用土地以及自然条件的局限等问题。通过借鉴建三江管理局耕地占补平衡的创新经验,完善垦区专门性制度规范,不单纯以数量作为耕地占补平衡衡量标准、借助现代技术手段实现对表土的充分利用,形成体系化改革。助力垦区乃至全国其他地区全面实现耕地占补平衡,从而实现耕地的可持续发展,保障国家粮食安全。

Cultivated Land Balance in Heilongjiang Reclamation Region: Problems and Countermeasures

In order to improve the compensation mechanism for farmland occupied by non-agricultural construction projects, the National Food Strategic Reserve Base has sufficient reserves. This study used spatial analysis, empirical research, and other methods to analyze the changes in the increase and decrease of cultivated land from 2000-2014 in each administrative bureau of Heilongjiang Reclamation. It is found that there are problems such as lack of the system, "dominance and inferiority", unreasonable use of land by farmers and limitations of natural conditions during the implementation of the policy of compensating for the balance of cultivated land. By drawing on the innovative experience of the Jiansanjiang Administration"s compensation for arable land, and perfecting the specialized system and regulations in the reclamation area, it is not simply to use the number as a criterion for measuring the balance of arable land, but also to use the modern technology to realize the full use of the topsoil to help the reclamation area and even the rest of the country. The region fully realizes the balance of arable land compensation, so as to achieve the sustainable development of arable land and safeguard national food security.