浏阳烟稻轮作区烤烟适宜施氮量研究

为给浏阳烟区烤烟生产提供施肥技术指导,通过研究施氮量对烤烟经济性状与烟叶化学成分的影响,探讨了浏阳烟稻轮作区烤烟的适宜施氮量。结果表明:(1)施氮120 kg/hm2不能满足烟株生长发育的需要,增大施氮量可显著改善烟株农艺性状,提高烟株物质积累量;(2)各处理经济性状差异显著,施氮150~210 kg/hm2处理产量与产值较施氮120 kg/hm2处理显著提高,其中施氮150 kg/hm2处理上中等烟比例与均价最高,产量与品质协调较好;(3)上部和下部烟叶以施氮150 kg/hm2处理的总氮和烟碱含量较高,化学成分协调性较好;而中部烟叶以施氮180 kg/hm2处理的总氮和烟碱含量相对较高。综合考虑烤烟生长发育、烟叶产量与品质,浏阳烟稻轮作区烤烟的适宜施氮量为150 kg/hm2。

Optimal Nitrogen Application Rate for Flue-cured Tobacco in Tobacco-rice Rotation Region of Liuyang

In order to provide fertilization guidance to flue-cured tobacco production in Liuyang, the optimal nitrogen application rate for flue-cured tobacco in Liuyang tobacco-rice rotation region was discussed by studying the effect of nitrogen application rate on agronomic traits and chemical components in tobacco leaves. The results showed that: (1) N 120 kg/hm2 could not meet the requirements of growth and development of tobacco plant, while the increase of N application rate could significantly improve the agronomic traits and dry matter accumulation; (2) there existed significant differences in economic traits among different treatments, the yield and output value of N 120 kg/hm2 treatment were significantly lower than those of N 150-210 kg/hm2 treatments, the rate of middle and high grade leaves and the average price of N 150 kg/hm2 treatment were the highest, and its coordination of yield and quality was better; (3) as for upper and lower leaves, the contents of total nitrogen and nicotine were relatively high in N 150 kg/hm2 treatment, and the coordination of chemical components was better; as for middle leaves, the contents of total nitrogen and nicotine were relatively high in N 180 kg/hm2 treatment. Comprehensively considering plant growth and development, yield and quality of tobacco leaves, 150 kg/hm2 was the optimal N rate for flue-cured tobacco in Liuyang tobacco-rice rotation region.