花生籽仁蔗糖含量近红外模型构建及在高糖品种培育中的应用

含糖量是决定和影响花生食用品质和加工特性的重要指标,蔗糖含量占成熟花生籽仁总糖量的90%以上,建立蔗糖含量的高效检测技术,有助于加快高蔗糖甜味食用型花生品种培育进程。本研究利用蔗糖含量差异显著的185份花生材料,利用近红外仪(波长范围1100~2500 nm),配合小样品杯,扫描和采集自然干燥籽仁的近红外光谱,采用液相色谱(HPLC)结合标准曲线法测定试验材料的蔗糖含量,利用偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)构建了花生籽仁蔗糖含量的近红外定标模型,模型的决定系数R2=0.962,均方差为0.383。利用20份材料对模型进行外部验证,预测值和化学值的决定系数达0.947,表明该模型可较好地预测蔗糖含量,可以高效地测定杂交早期世代的单株花生蔗糖含量。利用该模型在“吉花02-1-4×中花26”杂交后代中发掘出6份含糖量7%以上、油酸78%以上、含油量48%以下,且农艺性状优良的食用花生新品系。

Development and application of a near infrared spectroscopy model for predicting high sucrose content of peanut seed

Sugar content is an important factor affecting the flavor and processing characteristics of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)kernel and the sucrose content accounts for more than 90%of the total sugar content in peanut kernel.High-efficiency detection approach for sucrose content is crucial in developing high sucrose peanut varieties.In this study,185 peanut genotypes with diversified sucrose contents were scanned in wave length of 1100–2500 nm for constructing a near-infrared spectrum of naturally dried seeds.The sucrose contents were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)combined with standard curve method.A near-infrared calibration model of peanut seed sucrose content was established by partial least square method(PLS).For sucrose content,the coefficient of determinations(R2)was 0.962 with mean square deviation of 0.383.The coefficient of correlation between the predicted values and chemically tested value were 0.947 in 20 external samples,indicating that the model could predict sucrose content of peanut kernel.Six new sweet peanut lines with sucrose content over 7%,oleic acid over 78%,oil content less than 48%and desirable agronomic characters were selected among the hybrid progenies of“Jihua 02-1-4×Zhonghua 26”.