不同基因型刺梨及其近缘种亲缘关系的RAPD分析*

采用RAPD标记，对刺梨(Rosa roxburghii Tratt)7个基因型及8个近缘种(类型)进行鉴定和亲缘关系分析。结果表明，筛选出的16个随机引物可扩增出137条480bp到3.3kb大小的清晰。DNA片段，其中95条为多态性片段，为总数的69．3％；每个引物平均产生8．6条。由OPB-11、OPAF-16和OPW-02扩增的14条特异DNA片段，可有效地将普通刺梨7个基因型和无籽刺梨区分开来。基于遗传距离矩阵，采用IJPGMA法对15个供试样品的亲缘关系进行了聚类分析，文中还就无籽刺梨及重瓣刺梨的可能来源进行了探讨。

Characterization of Genotypes and Genetic Relationship of Cili (Rosa roxburghii) and Its Relatives Using RAPD Markers

Cili (Rosa roxburghii Tratt), characterized by containing the highest content of vitamin C among fruits and showing attractive senescence-retarding and cancer-preventing effects, has brought about statewide interest. RAPD markers were applied to identify the 7 genotypes of cili and to evaluate the genetic relationship within cili, as well as among its relatives. Sixteen arbitrary primers screened from 154 were adopted to analyze polymorphism in RAPD profiles for the 15 samples. A total of 137 RAPD bands ranging in size from 480 bp to 3.3 kb were obtained, among which 95 were polymorphic, covering 69.3% of the total bands obtained;And an average of 8.6 bands/primer was scored. The genotypes of cili and seedless cili could be efficiently identified by 14 genotype-specific bands which were obtained from the polymorphic primers OPB-11, OPAF-16 and OPW-02. Additionally, a dendrogram of UPGMA showing genetic relationship of 15 samples was constructed based on cluster analysis of genetic distance and the genetic relationship between the samples. The possible origin of seedless cili and multiple-corolla cili werediscussed also.