政治价值及其普世化问题探析——基于方法论的视角

政治价值是人类在政治领域所显现的超然本性在精神与观念层面的凝结,必然带有某种应然与抽象的色彩,也与人们实然的政治生活保持某些距离,呈现出某种“底线性”和“共通性”特征.这也表明在人类社会中的确存在普世性政治价值.但承认这一点并不意味着政治价值就可以不分条件地被普世化.政治价值普世化是一种源于人类理性自负的理论冲动,它总是试图将具有地域性和时代性特征的特定政治价值予以普遍化,不切实际地放大人类共性价值的存在范围,从而限制了多元价值的发展空间.实际上,当下中国学界的政治价值的普世化诉求只是对市场经济时代价值多元化困境的一种无奈回应,且其方法论基础也具有深刻的虚妄性.

Analysis on the Political Values and Their Generalization:A Perspective of Methodology

Political values are the spiritual and conceptual condensates of the detached nature that human beings show in the field of politics,which necessarily have a certain granted and abstract chacater and keep a certain distance from the practical political life,present certain characters of "bottom-line" and "convergence".It indicates that there are generalized political values in human society,however,it does not mean the political values could be generalized unconditionally.Generalization of political values is a theoretical impulsion springs from the rational conceit of human beings,which always tries to generalize the specific political values with regional and epochal characters,magnifies the existing scope of the common values of human being,so that the developing space of polyphyletic values is restricted.In fact,the appealing of the generalization of political values is only the helpless response to the dilemma of value-pluralism in the times of market economy,and its methodological basis has deep unreality.