基础教育制度变迁的经济学分析

用经济学对基础教育制度进行分析 ,就是比较制度安排的成本与收益 ,确定其经济效率。基础教育在不同的历史阶段 ,其收益主体不同 ,从而具有不同的目标 ,生产的基础教育产品 ,或者具有一定外部效益的私人产品 ,或者接近于公共产品。这就要求对提供基础教育的制度做出不同的安排。不同制度的变迁可以用经济学的效率原则进行分析。本文从基础教育的需求主体和供给主体两方面分析了在不同历史时期 ,不同基础教育目标下 ,其收益与成本的比较与选择。

An Economic Analysis on Transition of Elementary Educational Institution

To analyse elementary educational institution with economic theory is to compare the institutional cost and benefit so as to determine its economic efficiency. Elementary education has different goals and different beneficial bodies in different historical period. It has yielded private good with external effect or almost public good, which lead to different institution for the provision of elementary education. Institutional transition may be interpreted by the principle of economic efficiency. This paper compares the benefit and the cost of consumer and provider of elementary education between different periods and also analyses the choice of individual and society.