开放性与主体性:考察中国社会学发展历程的一种角度

在中国社会学诞生百年前后,有关中国社会学发展进程的特点,不少学者在自己的著述中进行了各具见地的总结。有学者将中国社会学发展历程的主要特点概括为主体性、实用性、开放性、曲折性和不成熟性等五个。有学者认为,中国社会学的百年发展历程具有以下明显特征,即为国为民,为建设社会主义的主体性;基于传统哲学观点的应用性;研究工作的群体性;社会学知识和观点的扩散性与普及性;以马克思主义、毛泽东思想为指导的科学性、创造性。而本文则认为中国社会学的特征主要有主体性格、实用性格、群体性格和开放性格等,为此我们将就此进行概述。

Openness and Subjectivity:An Angle to Investigate the Developing Course of Chinese Sociology

Before and after the centenary of Chinese sociology, quite a few scholars concludes judiciously the characteristics of the developing course of Chinese sociology in their works. Some summarize the main characteristics of the developing course of Chinese sociology as subjectivity, practicability, openness, complicatedness and immaturity. Some think that the hundred-year developing course of Chinese sociology has obvious characteristics as follows: contribution for the country and the public, subjectivity to construct socialism; practicability based on traditional philosophical views; group research; diffusibility and universality of the knowledge and views of sociology; scientificalness and creativity under the guidance of Marxism and Maoism. This paper, however, thinks that Chinese sociology has characteristics like subjective character, practical character, group character and open character, etc.