我国粮食生产利益补偿机制研究

我国以粮食直补为主体的粮食生产利益补偿机制,对稳定粮食生产、保护粮食安全和增加农民收入有着较大的促进作用;但也存在补贴额度较小、粮食最低收购价偏低、补贴标准不统一、行政成本过高等问题,而且没有考虑粮食主产区农业基础设施建设等公共产品不足及其政府的积极性,同时,粮食补贴普惠制本身也有局限性。应加大粮食补贴力度、改变补贴方式、统一补贴发放标准、降低行政成本,适当提高粮食最低收购价,加大对粮食主产区的财政转移支付力度,增加粮食主产区农业基础设施建设补贴。

Research on Benefit Compensation Mechanism for China’s Grain Production

China’s benefit compensation mechanism with direct grain subsidies has bigger promoting effect on stabilizing grain production,protecting grain safety and increasing farmers’ income,however,there are still some problems such as smaller subsidy amount,lower grain purchase price,non-uniform subsidy standard,too high administrative cost and so on,furthermore,the governmental initiative and inadequacy of public commodities such as agricultural infrastructure construction in grain production zones are not considered,meanwhile,universal-benefit grain subsidy policy has limitation.China should enlarge grain subsidy,reform subsidy method,integrate subsidy standard,decrease administrative cost,properly raise minimum grain purchase price,enhance financial transfer payment in main grain production zones and increase the subsidy for agricultural infrastructure construction in main grain production zones.