东北地区土地资源承载力与农民市民化问题研究

土地资源承载力是区域人口、资源与环境可持续发展评价的重要指标。东北地区人均耕地面积和耕地质量远高于全国平均水平,但土地资源承载力及人地关系现状不容乐观。东北地区农民市民化能够从根本上缓解人地关系矛盾,有利于土地资源优化配置,促进土地资源优势转化为农业经济效益优势,改善生态脆弱地区的土地生态环境。必须以科学发展观为指导,从长远和战略高度认识东北区域人地关系的重要意义;以农村城市化为动力,加快农村剩余劳动力有效转移;以土地流转制度创新为基础,解除农民市民化的瓶颈约束;以城乡社会保障体系为依托,保证农民市民化的稳定性与持续性;以社会主义新农村建设为契机,在农民市民化过程中,努力构建东北地区资源节约和环境友好型社会。

Bearing Capacity of Land Resources and Farmers' Urbanization in Northeast China

The bearing capacity of land resources is the important indicator of area population and evaluation of resource and environmental sustainable development.Although per-capita area and quality of arable land are higher than average national level in Northeast China,the relationship among the bearing capacity of land resources,the person and the field is not optimistic.Urbanization of farmers in Northeast China can fundamentally relieve contradiction of population and land,be beneficial to most optimum distribution of land resources,make land resources advantageous change into agriculture economic advantage,improve the land ecological environment in the area of fragile organism.We should know the significance of the relationship between population and land strategically from a view of scientific development;We should accelerate surplus rural labor effective metastasis by taking urbanization of the rural as a driving force;We should relieve bottleneck constraint of farmers' urbanization by taking land circulation institutional innovation as a basis;We should guarantee stability and persistence of farmers' urbanization with the social security system in both urban and rural area;We should make great efforts to construct the society of resource economy and amicable environment by taking the construction of new socialism rural as a turning point in the process of farmers' urbanization.