重新理解“政治哲学”——对施特劳斯的某种回归

政治领域是一个追求"权力"的公共"意见"领域,其最终目的是"意见"的协调统一及基于此的社会行动;哲学则是追求"真理"的相对私域,它在解答政治领域内超验疑惑的同时,不断批判不符合真理的政治。同时,哲学需要政治为其提供场域和支持,政治则需要哲学为其提供理性导引和德性保障。此即哲学与政治复杂张力结构关系的一体两面,而政治哲学的本质就是这一张力结构关系的理论表达。这也是对施特劳斯"政治哲学"范畴分析理路的某种程度上的回归。

A reinterpretation of political philosophy: returning to Leo Strauss

Political philosophy remains ambiguous so far. On the basis of various interpretations of political philosophy in domestic and overseas academic circles,this paper attempts to find the original meaning of this term by investigating that of both politics and philosophy and their relationship. It argues that politics,a field of public opinions,aims to pursue power and mould public opinions so as to support related social actions,while philosophy as a relatively private field of pursuing "truth" aims to answer transcendental questions in the field of politics and,at the same time,criticizes the political actions which deviate from truth. Apart from that,philosophy provides politics with a rational guidance and a moral guarantee,while politics supplies philosophy with fields and supports. This is the complicated structural tension lying in the relations between philosophy and politics;the nature of political philosophy theoretically expresses this structural tension,which somewhat reflects a return to the Straussian analytical methodology of political philosophy.