甲胺磷农药降解菌的筛选及其降解效能研究

从长期施用有机磷农药的土壤取样,通过驯化、富集培养,筛选到2株能降解甲胺磷农药的菌株HK-1和GLY-1.利用分光光度法分析了菌株在含1.5 g/L MAP的无机盐培养液中培养72h下的降解率,菌株HK-1和GLY-1的甲胺磷降解率分别为85.71%和80.25%.2株菌的遗传稳定性较好,对甲胺磷农药的耐受浓度为3 g/L,且可降解有机磷乐果和久效磷.菌株生长的最适甲胺磷浓度、温度、pH和接种量分别为1.5 g/L、25-30℃、7.0和4%-6%.两株菌对常用抗生素表现出不同程度的敏感性,金属离子对菌株降解甲胺磷农药有不同程度的促进或抑制作用.通过Biolog鉴定系统,将HK-1和GLY-1初步鉴定为铜绿假单胞菌（Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp.）和特瑞特西苍白杆菌（Ochrobactrum tritici sp.）。

Methamidophos Pesticide Degradation Bacteria Screening and Its Degtadation Efficiency Research

Using domestication and enrichment cultivation, two strains HK-1 and GLY-1 were isolated form the long-term application of organic phosporus pesticides in soil samples, they could degraded the methamidophos pesticide.Using the spectrophotometric method, we analysed the degradation rate of the two strains cultured under 72 hours in inorganic salt culture medium containing 1.5 g/L MAP, and the strain HK-1 and GLY-1＇s methamidophos degradation rate were 85.7% and 80.25% respectively. The two strains＇ genetic stability were better and the tolerance concentration of methamidophos pesticide is 3 g/L, and they could also degraded organic phosphorus demethoate and monocrotophos. The optimal concentration of methamidophos, temperature, pH and inoculum strains were 1.5 g/L, 25-30℃、7.0 and 4%-6%. The two strains showed different degrees of sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics, metal ions and varying degrees of positive and negative effects on the degradation of methamidophos. By BIOLOG identification system, HK-1 and GLY-1 were preliminarily identifified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp. and Ochrobactrum tritici sp.