蒸渗仪控制下典型抗生素迁移规律研究

以北京市潮土原状土柱为供试土壤,采用称重式蒸渗仪模拟自然环境下典型抗生素在土壤中的迁移规律。结果表明,磺胺类抗生素(磺胺甲基异恶唑、磺胺嘧啶)在土壤中的吸附性较差,迁移性较强,淋溶过程中,部分磺胺类抗生素可以穿透第一层次土壤,并逐步向下迁移。四环素类(土霉素、四环素)和氟喹诺酮类抗生素(诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星)在各个土壤层次的淋溶液浓度稳定时分别为0.5～1μg/L和7～9μg/L,这表明四环素类和氟喹诺酮类抗生素在土壤中的吸附性较强,迁移性较弱,淋溶过程中,大部分四环素类和氟喹诺酮类抗生素可在土壤中累积。

Migration characteristics of typical antibiotics under the control of lysimeter

The migration characteristics of typical antibiotics in natural soil of Beijing are imitated using the weighing lysimeter.The results show that the sulfa antibiotics(sulfamethoxazole,sulfadiazine) in the soil present poor adsorption but strong migration.While in the leaching process,some sulfa antibiotics penetrate the soil of the first level,and gradually migrated further down.The stable leachate concentration of Tetracyclines(oxytetracycline,tetracycline) and fluoroquinolones(norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin) in different soil levels are 0.5~1 μg/L and 7~9 μg/L,respectively.It indicates that the tetracycline and fluoroquinolones have the characteristics of strong adsorption and weak migration.Many tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones are accumulated in the soil in the process of leaching.