用Ames试验检测某铝厂电解车间粉尘有机提取物及其组分的诱变活性

应用化学分离与Ａｍｅｓ试验相结合的方法，研究了某铝厂电解车间粉尘有机提取物及其５个组分的诱变活性．结果表明，某铝厂电解车间粉尘有机提取物具有较强的诱变活性．５个组分中，其中的３个组分有机酸、多环芳烃、极性化合物在铝厂电解车间粉尘有机提取物的诱变活性中起重要作用；另外２个组分有机碱和脂肪烃没有诱变活性．铝厂应采取消烟除尘措施，控制致癌、致突变物的污染，保护环境及人类健康

Mutagenic Activity of the Dust Organic Extract and Its Five Fractions Derived from an Aluminum Electrolytic Plant

Ames test was used to detect the mutagenic activities of the dust organic extract and its five fractions derived from an aluminum electrolytic plant. It was demonstrated that the dust organic extract showed a very strong mutagenic activity. Of the five fractions tested, three fractions, namely organic acid, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and polar compounds, played an important role in the mutagenic activity of the dust organic extract. The other two fractions, organic alkali and aliphatic hydrocarbon, had no mutagenic activities. As a result, the measures should be taken to abate the dust and to control the pollution of mutagens and carcinogens in order to protect the environment and human health.