基于限制因素分区的耕地质量保育与提升探讨——以湖北鹤峰县为例

以湖北省恩施州鹤峰县为研究区，以地类图斑为研究尺度，从立地条件等方面入手构建耕地质量等级评价指标体系.运用障碍度模型和局部自相关方法，揭示研究区耕地质量现状和空间分布特征，识别鹤峰县耕地质量提升主导限制因素，划分限制因素类型区，最后综合之前分析成果进行耕地质量提升分区，探讨不同分区下耕地质量的提升措施.结果表明：1) 鹤峰县整体耕地以中等级耕地为主，耕地质量空间分布呈现北部、西南部高和西北、东南低的格局；2) 存在主导限制因素为灌溉能力、有效磷2类的共7种“主导限制因素－次要限制因素”类型分区；3) 将现有耕地分为耕地核心保护区、适度改良区和重点整治区3个一级类和8个二级类，针对各分区特点重点实施蓄水保土和养分提升等措施.研究成果可为鹤峰县乃至鄂西南山区耕地质量提升和耕地保护整治提供方法借鉴.

Discussion on conservation and improvement of cultivated land quality based on limiting factor zoning：a case study of Hefeng County， Hubei Province

This article uses Hefeng County as the research area， and uses land plots as the research scale. It starts from the site conditions and other aspects to build an index system for evaluating the quality class of cultivated land. Using degree model and partial autocorrelation method， the cultivated land quality status and spatial distribution characteristics in the research area are revealed， and the leading limiting factors hindering the improvement of cultivated land quality in hefeng county are identified with the restricted factor type area divided. Finally， previous analytical results are combined to divide the cultivated land quality improvement zones and discuss measures to improve the cultivated land quality in different zones. The results showed as follows. 1) The whole cultivated land quality class in Hefeng County is mainly medium class， and the spatial distribution of different cultivated land quality is significantly different， showing a pattern of high in the north and southwest while low in the northwest and southeast. 2) There are a total of 7 "leading limiting factors-secondary limiting factors" type partitions with the leading limiting factors being irrigation capacity and available phosphorus. 3) The existing cultivated land is divided into core reserve area， moderate improvement area and key control area of three primary classes and eight secondary classes. According to the characteristics of the each partition key and nutrient boost to soil and water conservation measures. Research results can provide Hefeng County and mountainous area southwest of Hubei Province of cultivated land quality improvement and protection regulation provides methods for reference.