组合帷幕阻波帘对水下冲击波的防护特性分析

帷幕阻波帘对水下冲击波具有衰减作用，有利于水下建筑物保护，防止生态环境恶化，维持原始水域生态平衡，因此应用帷幕阻波帘减弱冲击波的破坏作用具有重要的现实意义。针对水下爆破高能量冲击波和反复形成的气泡脉动现象，设计了气泡帷幕与气泡膜帆布帘分段防护组合式帷幕阻波帘。首先应用Zamyshlyayev经验解析方法计算气泡帷幕对冲击波的压力衰减过程，在此基础上采用ANSYS LS-DYNA模块，模拟分析最优阻波帘设计方案。通过在水下4 m使用300 g乳化炸药作为爆源，距试验药包半径3 m布置水击波测点及半径9 m处布置鱼类网箱进行测试，试验结果表明，冲击波综合衰减率为97.72%～98.29%,满足了对水下冲击波防护特性的要求，验证了组合帷幕阻波帘设计的合理性。

Analysis of the protective characteristics of the curtain wave barrier against underwater shock waves

The curtain wave barrier has attenuation effect on underwater shock wave, which is conducive to the protection of underwater buildings, preventing the deterioration of the ecological environment, and maintaining the ecological balance of the original water area. Therefore, it has important practical significance to apply the curtain wave barrier to reduce the damage of the shock wave. In view of the high-energy shock wave and repeated bubble pulsation phenomenon of underwater blasting, the bubble curtain and bubble film canvas curtain are designed for sectional protection. Firstly, Zamyshlyayev empirical analysis method is applied to calculate the pressure attenuation process of bubble curtain to shock wave. On this basis, ANSYS LS-DYNA module is used to simulate and analyze the optimal design scheme of wave barrier curtain. By using 300g emulsion explosive as the explosion source at 4m underwater, arranging water hammer measuring points at 3m from the radius of the test cartridge and fish cages at 9m from the radius, the test results show that the comprehensive attenuation rate of the shock wave is 97.72%~98.29%, which meets the requirements for underwater shock wave protection characteristics, and verifies the rationality of the design of the combined curtain wave barrier.