昆虫种群生命表的研究进展(英文)

生命表是研究昆虫种群动态最有用的工具之一。自从Morris和Miller(1954)引入生命表研究昆虫的自然种群以来,这类工具一直广泛地用于解决农作物的害虫问题。本文综述了昆虫种群生命表的研究及应用概况,特别是近20年来的进展。论文总结了关于设计生命表格式的改进,死亡率及存活率的正确估算,对试验和观测数据的统计分析及生态学解释。文中还较详细地讨论了如何应用存活率参数进行种群动态的模拟,经济阈值的测定和害虫优化管理的决策。

THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF LIFE TABLES IN THE STUDY OF INSECT POPULATIONS

Life tables are one of the tools most useful in the study of insect population dynamics. Since Morris and Miller (1954) introduced the method of life tables to the study of natural insect populations, such tools have been widely used to deal with the pest problems of agricultural crops. The present paper gives a review of the development and application of life tables in the study of insect populations, particularly in the last twenty years. The major advances are summarized as the innovation and improvement in design of the life table format , the rational estimation of mortality and survivorship, and the statistical analysis and e-cological interpretation of data obtained from experiments and observations. Also discussed in some detail is the practicable methodology of incorporating the parameter of survival rates in the mathematical modelling of population dynamics, the measurement of economic threshold for pest control, and decision-making for optimal pest management.