毛细管X光平行束透镜坪区特性的研究

玻璃对X射线的折射率接近1，无法使用传统的光学透镜对其进行会聚或平行调控．将大量毛细管按照一定方式排列组合，在符合全反射原理的情况下，对点X光源发射的X射线进行调控；着重于研究整体毛细管X光平行束透镜，利用光线追迹法进行数值模拟，设计仿真模拟程序，模拟出X射线在整体毛细管X光平行束透镜中的传播路径；通过改变毛细管的子管参数和排列方式，使毛细管X光平行束透镜的出射光束出现光束坪区，并设计出出光均匀性80%以上的毛细管X光平行束透镜；通过试验分别使用等径和变径毛细管X光平行束透镜对X点光源进行成像，验证了变径优化对出射光束均匀性的改善作用，其中变径X光平行束透镜的出射光束的发散角低至11.7 mrad． 

Plateau area characteristics of poly-capillary parallel X-ray lens

Refractive index of glass to X-rays is typically close to 1, so traditional optical lenses cannot be used to converge or control them in parallel．Under the condition of total reflection, direction of X-ray propagation can be guided by changing direction of the center line of capillary tube．A large number of capillaries are arranged and combined in a certain way to control X-rays emitted by point X light source．Here we studied overall poly-capillary parallel X-ray lens, using ray tracing for numerical simulation, designing a simulation program to simulate the propagation path of X-rays in overall poly-capillary parallel X-ray lens．With changing capillary sub-tube parameters and arrangement method, the output beam of capillary X-ray collimated beam lens appeared in the beam plateau, and a poly-capillary parallel X-ray lens with a light uniformity of more than 80% was designed．Equal-diameter and variable-diameter capillary parallel X-ray lenses were used to image point source X-rays, verifying effect of variable-diameter optimization on uniformity of emitted beam．Divergence angle of outgoing beam of variable-diameter X-ray lens was found to be as low as 11.7 mrad．