残余应力对排液蒸发器强度影响的有限元分析

某排液蒸发器管箱隔板与筒体焊接处产生了焊接变形,其凹陷处最大值为5 mm,影响结构的安全运行.焊接应力与变形是焊接过程的必然产物,计算和分析比较困难.采用固有应变分析法,计算出隔板和筒体的固有应变体积,然后获得简体的焊接残余应力.在此基础上只考虑焊接残余应力、设计应力以及焊接残余应力与工作应力叠加3种工况计算出变形区域的等效应变,并转化为等效残余应力.利用有限元方法对蒸发器的强度进行分析,计算结果可用于指导其实际运行.

Finite Element Analysis on the Effect of Residual Stress in Disposal Vaporizer

The weld joints between the channel clapboard and shell of a disposal vaporizer generate welding deformation.The maximum concave may reach 5 mm,so it may have a bad influence on the safe operation of the structure.The inherent strain method was applied to calculate the strain volume of the channel clapboard and shell,and then get the welding residual stress of the shell.On this basis,three cases of stresses,which is the welding residual stress,design stress and welding residual stress plus design stress,calculate the equivalent strain of the deformation zone,transform it into equivalent residual stress,and then perform strength analysis by using finite element method.The result can be used to guide the actual operation of the vaporizer.