生态系统文化服务供需关系量化方法研究——以平陆大天鹅景区为例

以平陆大天鹅景区为例, 使用年游客接待能力表示文化服务的供给水平, 通过问卷调查, 使用重要值计算文化服务需求, 评价生态系统文化服务的供需关系, 得到如下结果。1) 文化服务需求总量受到地均GDP和人口密度的显著影响, 也受人们对文化服务的了解程度的影响, 与距离无显著相关性。观鸟旅游、审美价值和存在价值需求较高, 表明人们重视物种的保护, 可能与全球气候变化和人类活动加剧引起的生物多样性不断丧失有关。2) 文化服务供给能力整体高于需求, 影响供需平衡的主要因素是需求。供需基本平衡区分布于西安市和郑州市, 其余13个市县均为供过于求。加强平陆大天鹅景区的宣教活动和改善景区交通服务, 能够提高需求, 改善供需平衡。研究结果可为湿地环境管理和规划提供数据支持。

Quantitative Assessment on Supply-Demand Budget of Culture Ecosystem Service: A Case Study in Pinglu Swan Scenic Spot

Taking Pinglu Swan Scenic Spot as an example, the supply-demand relationship of cultural ecosystem service (CES) was assessed. The supply of CES was rated by the annual capacity of tourist reception, and the demand was calculated through importance value acquired by questionnaire. The results were showed as follows. 1) The overall demand of CES was positively correlated with GDP per square kilometre and population density, meanwhile it was also related to the understanding of CES. However, it had no relevance to distance. Owing to continuous loss of biodiversity from global climate change and human activities, the demand for bird-watching service, aesthetic value and existence value were relatively high, which suggested that people attached much importance to the biodiversity conservation. 2) The supply capacity of CES of Pinglu Swan Scenic Spot was generally higher than the overall demand, so the demand was the chief factor that affected the supply-demand relationship. The supply-demand matched areas were distributed in Xi’an City and Zhengzhou City, while the other 13 cities demonstrated a mismatched relationship. Enhancing the propoganda and education, as well as improving traffic service of Pinglu Swan Scenic Spot will raise demand so as to narrow disparities between supply and demand of CES. The results provide data support for environmental planning and management of wetland resources.