人体背部负重对坡道行走步态的影响

为了研究背部负重对于坡道行走步态的影响并分析受试者面临的滑倒危险性,4名健康受试者先后在10°斜坡上完成了不负重上坡和下坡、负重上坡和下坡条件下的试验。每人在每种条件下都进行3次试验。通过步态分析系统得到步态周期、步长、摆动相所占比例、脚跟触地时小腿角度和所需最大摩擦因数等步态参数,并且进行了统计分析。试验结果表明:负重后所需最大摩擦因数没有增大,而是明显减小;受试者在负重后会自动调节步态参数,从而降低所需最大摩擦因数,减小滑倒的危险;不同的受试者,由于行走习惯和肌肉强度等生理条件不同,在同样的环境中和同样的负重条件下面临的滑倒危险不相同。

Effects of carried loads on human gait during walking on an inclined surface

The effects of carried loads on human gait and the potential risk of slipping during walking up/down an inclined surface were studied using four normal subjects ascending and descending a 10 degree ramp three times with and without loads. Gait parameters, such as gait period, step length, swing phase scale, shank angle at heel contact and peak required coefficient of friction, were obtained using a gait analysis system. Statistical analyses of the results demonstrate that the peak required coefficient of friction does not increase but decreases when carrying loads that the subjects automatically change their gait parameters to avoid slipping and that differences in gait parameters among the subjects caused by personal walking habits and muscle strength result in different risks of slipping, even though they are in the same environment and with the same load.