住房制度改革背景下广州市居民居住偏好研究

住房制度改革以前，国家控制着住房的供应，人们没有选择住房的自由。改革后，家庭越来越依靠市场来满足其住房需求，个人购买商品房的比例得以提高。择居自由度的增加意味着住房消费个体差异的扩大，居民住房偏好成为住房市场健康发展的重要影响因素，分析住房市场化下居民住房偏好及其影响因素有重要意义。采取表述性偏好正交实验设计和联合统计分析方法，对处在改革前沿的广州市居民住房偏好及其影响因素进行分析。结果表明：在居民住房选择中，居住区位和小区特征比住房本身更重要；居住小区特征中，居民最关注住房所在区域，老城区越秀和东山和城市新中心天河区成为居民偏爱之地，但不同收入家庭区域偏好有所差异，高收入阶层明显偏好于新中心区天河区，而低收入阶层却更热衷于老城区；住房价格和居室朝向是重要影响因素，居民明显表现出对低价格住房和南向居室的偏好；除此之外，相对较重要的因素还有小区治安、交通和生活便利程度；而房屋类型、房屋布局和物业管理重要性相对较小，但高收入阶层明显比低收入阶层看重物业管理。

Housing Preferences in Context of Housing System Reform in Guangzhou

For a prolonged period of time,the Chinese state had monopolized housing provision.Chinese people had virtually no choice of housing.Much has changed with the deepening of the market-oriented reform launched since 1979.People now have increasing freedom to choose their homes in term of their housing preferences,and more and more people buy houses from the market.It is necessary to analyze what people's preferences for housing are and what factors influence their housing choices since housing reform.This paper studies the stated housing preferences of Guangzhou's people through choice experiments framed in stated preference approach.Regression models comprising both neighborhood and dwelling attributes are estimated all subjects and for four sub-samples classified by family income.In general,neighborhood variables are more important than dwelling variables in the housing choice in Guangzhou.In all neighborhood variables,district variable is the most important and urban core districts with good reputation are strongly favored.But different income level households have different districts preferences with high-income group distinct favoring new core district Tianhe and low income level favoring old core ones.Housing price and orientation of dwelling also have important impacts on housing choice with low housing price and south-faced house strongly preferred.Neighbor security,accessibility and living convenience are also important factors.Dwelling type and layout and property management are relatively less important than others,but property management is more important for high-income households than for low-income.