紫外辐射对两种体色型麦长管蚜生物学特征的影响

紫外辐射对蚜虫产生了强烈的选择压力，可导致蚜虫种下遗传分化，而紫外辐射对蚜虫种下体色分化的影响尚不清楚.本研究选定两种不同体色型的麦长管蚜初生若蚜经过30 W紫外线（UVB波）照射5 d，每天30 min，在不同温度（15 ℃、20 ℃和25 ℃）和不同小麦品种（小偃-22、Astron）条件下，通过在人工智能控制温室内单头饲养，分别测定了各处理麦长管蚜的发育历期、体质量差及相对日均体质量增长率等生物学参数.结果表明：在品种小偃-22上，温度较低时，紫外辐射显著延缓了绿色型麦长管蚜生长，而温度较高时，紫外辐射显著延缓了红色型麦长管蚜生长;在品种Astron上，温度较低时，紫外辐射显著延缓了绿色型麦长管蚜生长,而温度较高时，紫外辐射对两种体色型麦长管蚜生长均无显著影响.说明两种体色型蚜虫对紫外胁迫的反应不同，且紫外胁迫对麦长管蚜的影响与温度和小麦品种有关.

Effects of UV-radiation on biological characteristics of different body-color biotypes of Sitobion avenae (Fab.)

UV-radiation exerts strong selection stress on the evolution of aphid populations, and thus, leads to their genetic differentiation. However, the effects of UV-radiation on different body-color biotypes of aphids are still ambiguous. In this study, new-born nymphae of red and green biotypes of Sitobion avenae were placed on two wheat varieties (Xiaoyan-22 and Astron), bred in an artificial bioclimatic chamber under strict controlled conditions (at 15 ℃, 20 ℃, and 25 ℃, and treated with 30 W lamp of UV-B for 30 min per day for 5 days), and their development duration, mass, and mean relative growth rate were measured. The results showed that at lower temperature, UV-radiation delayed the growth of green biotype aphid on Xiaoyan-22 and Astron significantly; while at higher temperature, UV-radiation significantly delayed the growth of red biotype aphid on Xiaoyan-22, but had lesser effects on the growth of the two biotypes on Astron, illustrating that different biotypes of aphids had different responses to UV-radiation, and the responses were correlated to temperature and wheat varieties.