国外洞穴医疗研究综述

洞穴医疗是将洞穴作为特殊医疗活动场所的一种新兴的医疗方式,是人类利用洞穴资源的新形式,具有广阔的发展前景。本文以“Speleotherapy”、“Cave Therapy”、“Cave Treatment”、“Halotherapy”作为关键词,对Web of Science数据库进行检索,获得1978-2013年国外与洞穴医疗相关的有效研究文献32篇。通过梳理发现,现有研究成果主要涉及洞穴的发展历程、洞穴的医疗功能、洞穴医疗对呼吸道疾病的治疗机理及临床应用、医疗洞穴中氡的监测与防护、洞穴医疗旅游等领域;但现有研究成果还存在数量有限、内容不够全面、研究方法不够丰富、研究成果的地域分布不均衡、理论研究成果较少等不足。今后在洞穴医疗研究中应注重研究成果价值的普适性、研究方法的多样化,特别应加强对洞穴医疗的机理、洞穴医疗实施的环境标准、洞穴医疗的旅游开发、洞穴中气溶胶盐疗法等问题的研究。

Review of foreign research on speleotherapy

Speleotherapy, a new medical approach, makes use of caves as special medical sites. It is a new form of cave resource utilization, with great potential for further development. Speleotherapy terms, including "speleotherapy", "cave therapy", "cave treatment" and "halotherapy" were used as keywords to search the Web of Science database, and 32 papers from 1978 to 2013 were retrieved. It was determined that speleotherapy research has mainly focused on the origin and development of speleotherapy, the medical function of caves, mechanisms of treatment in respiratory and clinical application, radon concentration measurement and prevention in therapeutic caves and medical tourism. However, it is clear that some problems remain, such as the rather limited number of studies and non-comprehensive results. Additionally, comprehensive research methods are lacking, research results are distributed unevenly in terms of geographical location and achievements using theoretical methods are relatively limited. It is suggested that future study of speleotherapy should be focused on, general applicability of the research, method diversity, medical treatment mechanisms, environmental standards for speleotherapy, cave medical tourism and halotherapy.