暴露式与非暴露式气管滴注方法建立小鼠急性肺损伤模型及其效果比较

目的：比较暴露式与非暴露式气管滴注方法建立的小鼠急性肺损伤(ALI)模型的各种指标，确立更有效的气管滴注方法。方法：45只健康雄性C57/BL6小鼠随机分为对照组、非暴露组和暴露组,每组15只。以脂多糖（LPS）作为刺激物，非暴露组和暴露组小鼠分别采用非暴露式和暴露式气管滴注方法建立ALI模型，造模后24 h进行支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）生化指标检测、BALF细胞分类计数、肺湿/干重（W/D）比值测定以及肺组织病理形态学观察。结果：暴露组小鼠造模的成功率（100%）高于非暴露组（86.7%）。与对照组比较，非暴露组和暴露组小鼠BALF中总蛋白浓度、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性、中性粒细胞数量以及肺W/D比值显著升高（P<0.05）；暴露组小鼠BALF总蛋白浓度、ALP和LDH活性、中性粒细胞数量以及肺W/D比值明显高于非暴露组（P<0.05）。非暴露组小鼠主要表现为肺间质水肿；暴露组小鼠主要表现为渗出性肺水肿。结论：暴露式气管滴注方法对于建立小鼠ALI模型更有效。

Establishment of mouse model of acute lung injury with exposed and non-exposed intratracheal instillations and effectiveness comparison

Objective To compare the various indexes of mouse models of acute lung injury(ALI) established by exposed and non-exposed intratracheal instillations in order to confirm which method was more suitable.Methods Forty-five male mice were randomly divided into control group,non-exposed group and exposed group.There were fifteen mice in each group.The mice in both non-exposed and exposed groups were instilled with lipopolysaccaride(LPS) to establish ALI models by non-exposed and exposed intratracheal instillations,respectively.The detection of biochemical indexes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF),differential cell counting in BALF,lung wet/dry weight(W/D) ratio,and pathomorphological observation of lung tissue were performed 24 h after intratracheal instillation.Results The success rate in establishing the mouse ALI model in exposed group(100%) was higher than that in non-exposed group(86.7%).The total protein concentration in BALF,the alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activities,the amount of neutrophils in BALF,and lung W/D ratio were significantly increased in non-exposed and exposed groups compared with control group(P<0.05).The total protein concentration in BALF,the ALP and LDH activities,the amount of neutrophils in BALF and lung W/D ratio in exposed group were significantly higher than those in non-exposed group(P<0.05).The pathological changes in non-exposed group were characterized by pulmonary interstitial edema,but the exudative pulmonary edema was shown in exposed group.Conclusion The exposed intratracheal instillation is proved to be more suitable to establish the mouse model of ALI.