山区城市河流综合治理模式及案例探讨

山区城市河流面临洪水急涨急落、水量丰枯变化明显和亲水空间有限等问题，已成为城市河流治理中普遍面对的难点。本文提出山区城市河流近自然综合治理的可行模式。按照安全、自然、亲水和文明的理念，从水安全、水资源、水环境、水生态、水景观和水文化等方面实施综合治理。强化洪水风险和应急管理能力，维持河道自然形态和枯水期基流量，加强点源和面源污染的拦截净化，保护河道生态多样性，塑造自然型水流和亲水景观，保留河道深潭浅滩结构，河道子槽以蜿蜒型水流和跌水为主，利用滩地为市民提供安全、舒适的滨水空间，保护少数民族水文化和历史文化。以云南楚雄龙川江和重庆酉阳龙潭河为案例，分别探讨了现有城市拓展地区和新建城区的河流治理方案，对我国类似流域城市河流治理具有参考意义。

Model and case study of integrated river restoration in a mountainous city

Rivers in a mountainous city are usually confronted with problems of short flood response time, water shortage in the dry season, and shortage of hydrophilic space. Thus, restoration of urban river in small watersheds has become a difficult issue. We developed a feasible model for integrated river restora-tion in a mountainous city. Based on the concept of safety, nature, enjoying water, and civilization, inte-grated measures of flood control, water resources allocation, environmental protection, ecological restora-tion,river landscape,and culture protection should be implemented. We propose measures to strengthen ca-pacity of flood risk and emergency response management. River natural morphology and the base flow in the dry season should be maintained. Water pollution could be treated by constructing polluted water treat-ment plants and buffer areas along the river. River pool-riffle structure should be maintained. The low flow channel is meandering in the channel with water falls. Habitat diversity is restored. The flood land is con-structed for citizens to enjoy the water. The integrated restoration is discussed taking the case study areas of the Longchuan River in Chuxiong City, Yunnan Province and the Longtan River in Youyang County, Chongqing City. This study can provide a reference for the similar river restoration in China.