北京市通州区2007—2010年生活性农药中毒流行病学分析

目的探讨通州区农药中毒现状,为制定预防、控制农药中毒防治对策提供科学依据。方法通过北京市职业病预防控制直报信息系统,选取通州区2007—2010年农药中毒报告卡数据输出Excel,并用Excel建立数据库进行统计学分析。结果通州区2007—2010年共报告生活性农药中毒140例,死亡20例,病死率为14.29%;生活性农药中毒以女性为主,男、女比例为1∶2.11;生活性农药中毒者平均年龄为(37.7±15.6)岁,以15～45岁为主,占75%;农药中毒全年均有发生,生活性农药中毒无明显季节性变化;杀虫剂是引起生活性农药中毒的主要类别,有134例,占95.7%,杀虫剂中排在首位的是有机磷类(116例,占86.6%),以敌敌畏(94例)、氧乐果(12例)中毒为主,分别占81.0%和10.3%;其次是菊酯类(9例,占6.3%)。结论生活性农药中毒严重威胁群众的生命安全和健康,已成为社会重要的公共卫生问题,相关部门应加强农药监督、监管工作,制定有效的控制对策,且应该引起全社会的高度重视与关注。

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning occurred in daily life of 2007-2010 in Tongzhou District of Beijing

Objective To investigate the status of pesticide poisoning and provide criteria for prevention and control measures in Tongzhou District.Methods Data of pesticide poisoning during 2007-2010 were selected from Beijing information system for occupational disease control and prevention.Excel was used to establish a database for statistical analysis.Results From 2007 to 2010,a total of 140 cases of pesticide poisoning occurred in daily life,of which 20 cases died with a fatality rate of 14.29%.Females were dominant;the sex ratio was 1:2.11.The average age was 37.7±15.6 years old.Mostly were 15 ∽ 45 years old occupied 75%.Cases occurred all year round with no significant seasonal variation.Insecticides were the main toxicant occupied 134 cases(95.7%),Among them the primary was organophosporous chemicals occupied 116 cases(86.6%).94 cases were poisoned by DDVP,12 cases by omethioate,occupied 81.0 % and 10.3% respectively.9 cases(6.3%)were poisoned by pyrethroid chemicals.Conclusions Pesticide poisoning occurred in daily life is seriously threatening people’s safety and health,and has become an important public health issue.The relevant departments should strengthen the supervision and inspection on pesticides,and formulate effective countermeasures.Finally,the whole society should be concerned about this issue.