侵袭性曲霉病大鼠生化指标的改变及烟曲霉分生孢子致病力研究

目的：观察原发侵袭性曲霉大鼠生化指标的改变，探讨烟曲霉分生孢子致病性与其表面小棘状层的密切关系。方法：60只大鼠随机均分为免疫抑制组和非免疫抑制组。非免疫抑制组分为实验组和对照组，分别接种含或不含胰酶的孢子悬液；免疫抑制组先注射环磷酰胺和醋酸可的松．余处理同非免疫抑制组。观察所有大鼠病理学改变，通过内眦静脉采血生化分析、组织器官研磨涂片以及肾脏印模等观察免疫抑制大鼠分生孢子的致病力及菌落生长情况。结果：非免疫抑制组无明显病理学改变。免疫抑制对照组病理学损伤较实验组严重。在相同培养条件下免疫抑制对照大鼠的肾脏印模、血液培养、肺组织可观察到的烟曲霉多于实验组。血清TBIL和DBIL在感染后8h有一过性升高，血清ALP、GGT、TP和Alb无显著改变，LDH、LDH1、CK、CK—MB在2h后即有明显升高，8～24h达到最高峰，为对照组的3～6倍，48～72h后逐渐下降至正常水平。结论：在烟曲霉感染过程中，细胞免疫有很重要的作用。用蛋白质破坏性试剂可除去刺猬毛样小棘状层，经过胰酶预处理的烟曲霉分生孢子所引起的原发侵袭性曲霉病大鼠病理与其对照组有显著差异，提示烟曲霉分生孢子致病力强弱与其表面棘状突起的多寡密切相关。

Study on infective ability of A.fumigatus conidia by observing biochemical changes in rats with invasive primary aspergillosis

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the infective ability of A. fumigatus conidia and their surface elements by observing the biochemical changes in rats with acute invasive primary aspergillosis. Methods:Sixty rats were divided into immunocompromised group and non immunocompromised group randomly. Non immunocompromised group was further divided into conidia+trypsin treated group and trypsin treated group.The rats in the immunocompromised group were injected with cyclophosphamide and coltilen and the other treatments were the same as that in non immunocompromised group rats. Then routine stains and the changes of hematological and biochemical characteristics of rats were systematically detected to observe the effect of A. fumigatus and the status of and CFU. Results:No significant pathologic changes were found in non immunocompromised rats. The pathologic damages in treated rats were more serious than that in controlled rats of immunocompromised diseases. Under the same conditions, there were much more A. fumigatus in controlled group than in treated group. TBIL and DBIL in serum rose 8 h after infections, while no significant changes were seen in the level of ALP, GGT, TP, and A1b. LDH, LDH1, CK, and CK MB increased significantly 2 h after infection and reached the maximum level at 8 24 h, which was 3 to 6 times as that in the controlled group, and gradually fell to normal level at 48 to 72 h. Conclusion: A. fumigatus mainly infects the heart, lung, liver and kidney (especially lung), in which cellular immunity plays an important role. Proteolytic substances(trypsin) can cause conidium to lose its infective ability by destroying its surface elements, and the infection capability of A. fumigatus is closely related with the number of the echinulate rodlet layers in the surface of conidiophore.