微核技术在蚕豆氯化钠胁迫和碳酸钠胁迫中的应用研究

为探索微核技术在蚕豆耐盐胁迫中的应用途径。以蒸馏水处理为对照，测定在浓度为0.5%~4.0% 的NaCl和0.5%~3.0%的Na2CO3溶液处理下蚕豆种子的发芽率和微核率，计算相对盐害率和盐敏指数，通过方差分析和多重比较对比其变化趋势。结果表明：（1）蚕豆种子的发芽率和相对盐害率随盐胁迫浓度的升高而降低，而微核率和盐敏指数随盐胁迫浓度的升高先增大后减小，峰值时的浓度为2%；（2）发芽率和微核率在NaCl和Na2CO3各浓度间存在显著差异(p<0.05)或极显著差异(p<0.01)；（3）相同浓度下，Na2CO3溶液比NaCl溶液对蚕豆的发芽率、相对盐害率、微核率和盐敏指数影响更大。因此，微核技术在蚕豆盐胁迫应用的适宜盐浓度范围为0.5%~2%的NaCl或Na2CO3。

Application of Micronucleus Test Technology to Vicia faba L. under the stress of NaCl or Na2CO3

Abstract： The aim was is explore the application approach of applying the micronuclear testing technology to NaC1 stress and Na2CO3 stress in Vicia faba L.. The seeds were soaked under the concentration of 0.5%-4.0% NaC1 and 0.5%-3.0% Na2CO3 respectively, for contrast with distilled water treatment. And then, the germination rate, the micronucleus frequency, the relative salinity-injury rate and salt-sensitivity index of the seeds were calculated. And the variance analysis and multiple comparisons were used to study relation in treatments. The results showed that： （1） the germination rate and the relative salinity-injury rate of Vicia faba were reduced with the increasing concentration of NaC1 and Na2CO3, while the micronucleus rate of Vicia faba root-tip cell increased firstly and then decreased, the peak value appeared in 2% NaC1 and 2% NazCO3 respectively. （2）There were significant differences （P〈0.05） and very significant differences （P〈0.01） in germination and micronucleus rate among different treatments of NaC1 concentration and Na2CO3 concentration. （3） Under the same concentration value of NaC1 and Na2CO3, the treatment of Na2CO3 stress showed higher influence in the germination rate, the relative salinity- injury rate, the micronucleus rate and the relative salinity-injury rate compare to the treatment of NaC1 stress. Therefore, the suitable concentrate range of applying the micronuclear testing technology to NaC1 stress or Na2CO3 stress in Vicia faba L. both was 0.5%-2%.