基于支流水温对汉江干流河道水温影响的数值模拟

由于大中型水库蓄水后改变了原天然河道水温的时空分布，因此水库下游河道的水温恢复状况是目前水电工程环境影响评价的重要指标之一。将水库下泄流量、支流流量、太阳辐射、气温、风速等作为恒定因子，以支流水温为主要变量，建立了平面二维水动力—温度数学模型，并用汉江中游河段的实测水温资料对模型进行了验证，进而分析了支流水温对水库下游有支流汇入河道水温恢复过程的影响。结果表明，支流水温越高，在纵向上河道水温恢复到平衡水温所需距离越短，而在横向上水温掺混均匀所需距离越长。

Numerical Simulation of Influence of Water Temperature of Tributary on Hanjiang Main River

Owing to large and medium-sized reservoir storage changing the space-time distribution of original natural river water temperature, recovering the water temperature of reservoir downstream river channel is currently one of the important indicators of environmental impact assessment of hydropower project. This paper establishes a two-dimensional hydrodynamic temperature mathematical model and verifies the model by measured temperature data of middle reaches of the Hanjiang River, which takes reservoir discharge, tributary of flow rate, solar radiation, air temperature and wind speed as constant factors and takes tributaries of water temperature as the main variables. And then, the influence of water temperature of branch river on the recovery process of water temperature of reservoir downstream river with confluence tributary. The results show that the tributary water temperature is higher, on the longitudinal river water temperature recovery needs to balance the temperature the shorter the distance, and composite admixture on the transverse temperature uniform needs the longer distance.