WPP/NWPCB/POE复合材料的制备及其热解特性

以废旧汽车保险杠(WPP)为基体,废弃线路板非金属粉(NWPCB)为填料,通过熔融共混的方法制备了系列WPP/NWPCB复合材料。在此基础上,用乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)和马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)对复合材料进行了协同改性,以增强复合材料的性能。力学性能测试和冲击断面微观形貌分析表明,POE显著提高了WPP/NWPCB复合材料的韧性,当POE用量为15 g·(100 g)^-1时,冲击强度较改性前提高129%;PP-g-MAH能够有效改善复合材料中填料与基体相容性,当添加量为9 g·(100 g)^-1时,复合材料的机械性能达到最佳,冲击强度、弯曲强度和拉伸强度较改性前分别提高7.8%、23.4%和20%。通过热重-红外联用研究了WPP/NWPCB/POE复合材料的热解过程,结果表明,复合材料在热解过程中除产生烷烃、烯烃及CO₂外,还产生了少量的苯酚类芳香族化合物与HBr等有害气体,同时NWPCB填料的添加提高了复合材料中WPP的热稳定性。

Pyrolysis characteristics and preparation of WPP/NWPCB/POE composites

With the waste polypropylene (WPP) as matrix and the modificated non-metallic powder from waste printed circuit boards (NWPCB) as filler, the WPP/NWPCB composites were prepared by means of the melt blending. To enhance the mechanical characters, the WPP/NWPCB composites were synergistically modified by ethylene octene copolymer (POE) and maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH). The mechanical properties and morphology analysis showed that POE greatly improved the impact strength of WPP/NWPCB composite materials. When the content of POE was 15 g·(100 g)^-1, the impact strength of WPP/NWPCB composites was increased by 129%. The interface bonding strength between filler and matrix was improved with modification by 9 g·(100 g)^-1 PP-g-MAH. The impact strength, tensile strength and flexural strength were increased by 7.8%, 23.4% and 20% respectively. The pyrolysis characteristics of WPP/NWPCB/POE composite materials were investigated by means of TGA-FTIR at nitrogen atmosphere. It indicated that the heat stability of WPP material in the composites was improved by the addition of NWPCB. The alkanes, olefins and CO₂ were released during the pyrolysis process of WPP/NWPCB composites, whereas a small amount of harmful gas such as phenol aromatic compounds and hydrogen bromide was also produced.