Soft gallstone-crushing robots |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, PR China;2. School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, BA27AK, UK;4. School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA;5. Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China;1. Department of Visceral Surgery, Clarunis–University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Claraspital and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland;2. Interdisciplinary Center of Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland;3. St. Clara Research Ltd, St. Claraspital, Basel, Switzerland;1. School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia;2. Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic 3216, Australia;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia;4. School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia;5. Division of Quantum State of Matter, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;6. College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, China;7. School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;8. School of Engineering, Design and Built Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia;9. Centre for Translational Atomaterials, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia;1. CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101400, China;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AK, UK;3. School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;1. Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;4. School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea;1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, PR China;2. Department of Physical Science & Technology, School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan 430070, PR China;3. Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan 528200, PR China;4. Nanostructure Research Center (NRC), Wuhan University of Technology, Luoshi Road 122, Wuhan, 430070, PR China;5. Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford Surrey GU2 7XH, UK |
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| Abstract: | The current treatment for symptomatic gallstones is primarily surgical, where one of the most general surgeries, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, is the excision of the gallbladder to remove gallstones. However, postoperative site infections are a common health risk. As a result, scientists are investigating non-invasive methods to crush gallstones, but to date there are limited reports on such approaches. Herein, we propose a non-invasive lithotripsy method that uses ferromagnetic, spiny, flexible, and wireless medical robots, that can be taken orally into the human body bio-safely, to achieve efficient crushing of human gallstones. After operating for 30 minutes, a human gallstone of about 1 cm in diameter had been crushed into a pile of powdered gallstone residue by three soft gallstone-crushing robots in a pig gallbladder. The work highlights that our designed soft robot provides a promising pathway for non-invasive treatment of human gallstones disease, which brings new insights for future advancement of soft medical robots. |
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| Keywords: | Ferromagnetic Flexible composite materials Medical robot Gallstone crushing Noninvasive treatment |
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