褐藻胶寡糖的制备、分离及表征研究进展

褐藻胶寡糖是通过褐藻胶降解制备得到的、由2~25个单糖（甘露糖醛酸、古洛糖醛酸）通过糖苷键结合而成的低分子聚合物。与褐藻胶相比，寡糖具有粘度低、易溶于水、易吸收、稳定性强的特点，以及食品保鲜、抗凝血、抗肿瘤、降血压血脂、促进植物生长、诱导植物产生抗性等诸多生物活性，近年来成为海洋多糖领域的研究热点。褐藻胶寡糖的纯度、性能、结构与其制备、分离以及表征方法密切相关。本文综述了褐藻胶寡糖的制备方法，如物理降解法、化学降解法、酶降解法和发酵法等；褐藻胶寡糖的分离技术，如沉降分离法、膜分离法和色谱法等；褐藻胶寡糖的结构表征法，如薄层色谱法、红外吸收光谱、圆二色谱、质谱、核磁共振波谱等，以期为褐藻胶寡糖的进一步研究和应用提供参考。

Review on Preparation,Separation and Characterization of Alginate Oligosaccharide

Alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) is a kind of low molecular polymer, which is composed of 2~25 monosaccharides (mannuronic acidandguluronic acid) by glycoside bond. Compared with alginate, AOS, which has the characteristics of low viscosity, good water solubility, easy absorption and strong stability, meanwhile which has many biological activities, such as food preservation, anticoagulation, anti-tumor, blood pressure and lipids reduction, promoting plant growth, inducing plant resistance, has become a research hotspot in the field of marine polysaccharides. The purity, structure and properties of alginate oligosaccharides are closely related to their preparation, separation and characterization. This paper reviews the preparation methods of alginate oligosaccharides, such as physical degradation, chemical degradation, enzymatic degradation and fermentation; The separation technology of alginate oligosaccharides, such as sedimentation separation, membrane separation and chromatography; The structure characterization methods of alginate oligosaccharides, such as Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy(FTIR), Circular Dichroism (CD), Mass Spectroscopy (MS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR), in order to provide reference or further research and application of AOS.