2010—2020年衡阳NOAA监测火点时空分布特征分析

目的]分析衡阳市历年火点及火源时空分布特征,以期布控森林火灾的防范力度.方法]基于NOAA系列卫星数据,利用数据统计、Mann-Kandell趋势检验、反距离权重插值等方法,对衡阳市2010—2020年卫星监测火点时空分布特征进行分析.结果](1)2010—2020年衡阳市火点呈显著下降趋势,2013—2014年呈短暂上升趋势,2015—2020年火点个数大幅下降.(2)火点分布有明显的月份、季节差异性,2月、1月、3月为火点频发月份,每年的1—4月、8—12月为火点发生集中时段,冬季为火点多发季,其次为春季、秋季.(3)火点空间分布不均,耒阳火点发生频次最高,其次为常宁,火点发生频次南部高于北部,东部高于西部,中部及偏北一带发生频次最低.(4)荒火为主要火源,集中在1—3月,其次为炼山、农用火.结论]衡阳近11年火点呈明显减少趋势,冬季火点多发,12月至次年3月为集中的火点高发时段,衡阳南部为火点频发区,荒火为形成火灾的主要火源.

The Characteristics Analysis of Spatio-temporal Distribution of Fire in Hengyang Monitored by NOAA from 2010 to 2020

【Objective】The spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of fire points and fire sources in Hengyang City over the years were analyzes to strengthen prevention and control efforts of forest fire.【Method】Based on NOAA satellite data,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of satellite monitoring fires in Hengyang City were analyzed by using data statistics from 2010 to 2020,Mann-Kandell trend test and inverse distance weight interpolation.【Results】(1)The number of fire spot in Hengyang City showed a significant downward trend from 2010 to 2020,a brief upward trend from 2013 to 2014,and a significant decline from 2015 to 2020.(2)There are obvious differences in the distribution of fire spot in month and season.February,January and March are the months with frequent fire spot.From January to April and from August to December are the periods with frequent fire spot.(3)The spatial distribution of fires is uneven.Leiyang has the highest frequency,followed by Changning.The frequency of fires is higher in the south than that in the north,It is higher in the east than that in the west,and the lowest of that is in the middle and north.(4)The main source of fire is the waste fire concentrated from January to March,followed by mountain refining and agricultural fire.【Conclusion】Hengyang nearly 11a fire was significantly reduced trend,winter fire,December to the next year in March for the focus of the high incidence of fire period,Hengyang south of the fire frequent area,the main source of fire for the formation of fire.