海水对油品混合物老化及其摩擦学性能的影响*

为探究海水对油品混合物老化及其摩擦学性能的影响，使用烘箱对含盐水（模拟海水）油品混合物进行老化测试，分析含典型基础油及极压抗磨剂的油品混合物在老化过程中的物理化学性能；使用光学显微镜表征油品混合物老化过程中对滚子表面形貌的影响，采用球盘试验机研究老化后油品混合物的摩擦学行为，并利用X射线电子光谱仪（XPS）对摩擦试验后的摩擦副表面进行化学分析。结果表明：添加盐水的油品混合物中老化后，其黏度和总酸值不会发生明显变化（酯基系列油品混合物除外），但其润滑下的磨损会高于没有添加盐水的油品混合物；随着老化时间的增加油品混合物润滑下的磨损会降低，原因在于老化后摩擦副表面磨痕上氧（氧化物）含量降低，在磨合期间能给摩擦副表面提供的保护较少。

Effect of Saltwater on the Ageing of Oil Mixtures and Related Tribological Performances

In order to investigate the effect of saltwater on the ageing of oil mixtures and related tribological performances,the ageing test of lubricating oil containing saltwater (simulated seawater)was carried out in an oven.The physicochemical properties of the lubricating oil during aging process were analyzed,and the effect of the ageing of oil mixtures on roller surface morphology was characterized by optical microscope.The tribological behavior of the aged lubricating oil was studied by ball-on-disc rig,and the chemical analysis of the friction pair surface after the friction test was carried out by using the X-ray electron spectrometer (XPS).The results show that after aging,the viscosity and total acid value of lubricating oil will not change significantly (except ester series oils),however,the wear under the lubrication of the oil mixture with salt water is higher than that of oil mixture without salt water.With the increase of ageing time,the wear under the lubrication of the oil mixture is decreased.This is because of the decrease of oxygen (oxide) concentration on wear scar,which provided less protection to the contacting surface during running in process.