滴灌施肥与有机配施对金菠萝养分吸收及产量品质影响

本试验以金菠萝(MD-2)为试材,研究了常规施肥和滴灌施肥条件下,有机肥与化肥配施对菠萝生长、养分吸收及产量品质的影响。结果表明：滴灌施肥可显著提高金菠萝总叶片数、茎高、茎粗、D叶长、D叶宽和果柄粗,分别增加了 42.28%、87.81%、49.97%、18.98%、25.56%和54.76%。常规施肥条件下,增施有机肥可显著增加茎高和茎粗,分别增加了56.33%和29.28%。滴灌施肥处理金菠萝根、茎、叶、果柄和果实干重均显著高于常规施肥处理,分别增加了81.77%、303.20%、150.84%、99.56%和86.79%。金菠萝植株N、P、K积累量以及果实横径、单果重和产量均表现为滴灌施肥(含增施有机肥)处理显著高于对照和常规施肥(含增施有机肥)处理。常规施肥处理金菠萝果实的Vc和可滴定酸含量最高,且与其他处理差异显著,但该处理糖酸比最低,增施有机肥显著降低了果实可滴定酸含量。常规施肥+有机肥、滴灌施肥和对照的糖酸比相对较高。

Effects of drip fertigation and organic combined application on nutrient uptake, yield and fruit quality of MD-2 pineapple

The research were conducted to study the effects of combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizer on growth, nutrient uptake, yield and quality of MD-2 pineapple under conventional fertilization and drip fertigation. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, drip fertigation significantly promoted the leaf number, stem height, stem diameter, D leaf length, D leaf width and carpopodium diameter by 42.28%, 87.81%, 49.97%, 18.98%, 25.56% and 54.76%. Under conventional fertilization, combining organic fertilizer could significantly increase stem height and stem diameter by 56.33% and 29.28%, respectively. The root, stem, leaf, carpopodium and fruit dry weight of drip fertigation treatment were significantly higher than those of conventional fertilization treatment, which increased by 81.77%, 303.20%, 150.84%, 99.56% and 86.79%, respectively. The N, P and K accumulations of MD-2 pineapple plants, fruit equatorial diameter, single fruit weight and yield under drip fertigation (including combining organic fertilizer) were significantly higher than those under control treatment and conventional fertilization (including increased organic fertilizer). The contents of Vc and titratable acid were the highest under conventional fertilization treatment, which were significantly different from other treatments, but the sugar-acid ratio was the lowest. And combining organic fertilizer could significantly decrease the titratable acid content. The sugar-acid ratio of conventional fertilization combining organic fertilizer, drip fertigation and control was relatively higher than those of the other treatments.