电子束3D打印模型处理对钛合金零件成形精度的影响

模型处理是影响3D打印钛合金零件成形精度的关键因素之一。以电子束3D打印几种典型形状TC4钛合金零件为研究对象,通过对成形零件进行精度检测,分析其在模型处理过程中引起误差的来源,提出了几项改进措施:对于圆柱体轴类零件,将模型精度设置提高到0.02 mm,可有效提高零件的成形精度;对于点阵多孔零件,提高STL数据的精度并优化切层算法,保持切层前后模型原貌是解决该问题的途径;对于针状细圆柱零件,将相同零件按照同一方向摆放,可以减少摆放角度对偏差的随机性影响;对于异形件,应在满足成形精度的前提下合理布局并减少支撑;对于薄壁零件,增加支撑密度能够有效提高零件悬空部分的成形精度。

Effect of Model Processing on Forming Accuracy of Titanium Alloy Parts by Electron Beam 3D Printing

Model processing was one of the key factors affecting the forming accuracy of 3D printed titanium alloy parts. Several TC4 titanium alloy parts of typical shapes were printed by electron beam 3D printing as the research objectives. Through the precision detection of the 3D printed parts,the sources of errors caused by the model processing were analyzed,and several improvement measures were proposed. For example,by increasing the accuracy of the model to 0. 02 mm,the forming accuracy of the cylindrical part can be effectively improved. And for the lattice part,improving the accuracy of the STL data and optimizing the slice algorithm,maintaining the original shape of the slice before and after the slice is the way to increase the accuracy; for the thin cylindrical struts,the same struts are placed in the same direction,which can reduce the random effect of the placement angle on the deviation; for the irregular parts,the layout should be rationally arranged and the support should be reduced on the premise of satisfying the forming precision; for the thin-walled parts,the dimensional accuracy of its dangling zone can be increased by introducing more supporters.