强优势杂交棉ZLTC-3.k和徐铜3号的选育研究

棉花杂种优势在利用高产抗虫抗病高品质等特色资源材料方面前景广阔。笔者主持育成的杂交棉强优组合ZLTC-3．k和徐铜3号已分别进入省级预审定阶段和国家优良品种展示阶段,超标优势达20％以上。棉花杂交优势来源于亲本的基因效应。杂交棉的产量优势主要源自于铃数和铃重的增加。组配优势杂交棉的关键在于优良亲本的选配。亲本的亲缘、地理及生态差异对杂优组合的优势强弱至关重要。加强优良亲本的筛选鉴定及其配合力测定与分析;选择综合性状优良当地推广品种作为双亲之一,且双亲性状互补,可获得良好的杂交棉育种效果。

Studies on the Breeding of Heterosis Hybrid Cotton Variety "ZLTC-3. k and Xutong No. 3"

The yield heterosis over check of the heterosis hybrid cotton new varieties "ZLTC-3.k" and "Xutong No.3", which I have bred, all overtop 20%; It was successfully practised for the breeding of heterosis hybrid cotton: 1. The yield heterosis of hybrid-cotton mainly stemmed from the increasing of cotton Boll-amount and weight per boll, 2. The hybrid-vigor of hybrid cotton varieties stemmed from the gene's dominant effect, additive effect, non-additive effect, epitasis effect and cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction effect; 3.The key of matching heterosis hybrid cotton variety were based on good parental selection; 4.It is very important to choose parents with complementary traits each other, and pay more attention to evaluate their combing ability; which would attain good breading effectiveness.