大鼠胚胎肺泡发育形态学观察研究

目的:观察大鼠胚胎肺泡发育形态学变化,建立连续系统的胎肺发育形态学资料?方法:自SD大鼠孕16 d起,分别取孕16?19?21 d胎鼠肺脏行HE切片染色及透射电镜观察?结果:胚胎16 d胎肺开始出现上皮性管道,形成支气管众多分支,上皮细胞呈高柱状,围绕排列成环形;在胚胎19 d肺泡腔逐渐扩大,出现板层小体和2型肺泡上皮细胞;在胚胎21 d肺泡分隔增多,腔体扩张,间质变薄,同时板层小体数目增多?结论:大鼠胎肺发育是循序渐进的过程,一直延续到生后?板层小体的出现是肺泡2型上皮细胞分化的标志,且其数目随着发育而增多?

Morphological research of lung development in fetal rat

Objective: To study morphological evolution of fetal lung in SD rats and establish continuous systematic morphological datum. Methods: Fetal lungs at embryonic day16(E16),E19,E21,were taken out respectively,and were observed by HE staining under light microscope and electric microscope. Results: At E16,epithelial tract began to appear,which was constructed by tall epithelium,and developed many airway branches. At E19,alveolar space extended gradually,then lamellar body and type-II pneumonocytes began to emerge. At E21,alveolar separation increased gradually,and mesenchyma turned into thiner than before. At the same time the number of lamellar body increased gradually. Conclusion: The fetal lung development is a gradual process. In fact,this process will continue to postnatal stage. The appearance of lamellar body is the sign of differentiation of type-II pneumonocytes,and it increases along with lung development.