含膨润土充填料浆泌水特性分析

为研究含膨润土全尾砂充填料浆的泌水特性与规律，以掺膨润土的良山铁矿全尾砂作为试验材料，进行以灰砂比、料浆浓度和膨润土掺量的三因素四水平正交试验，通过室内试验来观察料浆在不同膨润土掺量下的泌水现象，进而分析在全尾砂胶结充填中添加膨润土对料浆泌水性的影响。结果表明：在一定的变化范围内，总泌水率与各因素呈反比关系，其中料浆浓度对总泌水率的影响最大，其次是膨润土掺量，灰砂比最小；料浆的动态泌水过程大致划分为前期快速泌水和后期稳定泌水2个阶段，且每个阶段持续时间因不同配比条件的影响而不同；根据动态泌水过程，膨润土掺量对整个动态泌水率影响最明显，而料浆浓度和灰砂比的影响较小。

Analysis on Bleeding Performance of Filling Slurry with Bentonite

The filling mining method has the advantages of preventing and controlling the collapse of the empty area，slowing down or avoiding surface subsidence. However，when filling deep ore bodies，the requirements for filling quality are becoming higher and higher.Due to the difference between the filling processes，there are technical problems in the filling process of the mine，including the problem of the topping in the cement filling. The effect of the ceiling in the goaf or the empty area directly affects the supporting effect of the surrounding rock.Due to the poor filling and filling effect，there are still a few centimeters to several tens of centimeters of gaps between the upper cementing surface of the filling body and the top plate.Due to the existence of this gap，the surrounding rock may collapse and，in severe cases，may even cause the upper rock mass to collapse, forming a subsidence on the surface.In the test，the whole tailings were used as the filling material，according to the slurry concentration of 65%，70%，75%，80%，the bentonite content was 0，5%，10%，15%，and the ratio of lime to sand was 1∶4, 1∶6，1∶8，1∶10，design three factors and four levels，a total of 16 orthogonal experiments. From the experimental observation data，when the dosage is 0，the total bleeding rate of the slurry is 5.6%~24.3%； when the dosage is 5%，the total bleeding rate is 5.2%~23.8%； when the dosage is 10%，the total bleeding rate is 3.5%~15.3%； when the dosage reaches 15%，the total bleeding rate of the filling slurry is reduced to 1.1% to 9.0%.The results show that the influence of slurry concentration on total bleeding rate was the most influential，then bentonite was the second and cement-sand ratio was the least.The dynamic bleeding process of slurry have two stages with early rapid bleeding stage and late stable bleeding stage. And the duration of the two stages is different under different proportion conditions. From the dynamic bleeding process，the most important factor influencing is bentonite content，but the concentration of slurry and the cement-sand ratio are small than bentonite content at the dynamic bleeding rate.