我国蜡油及渣油深加工应大力发展加氢型装置

分析了我国蜡油及渣油深加工装置的构成、汽柴油质量及炼油厂加工过程中烟气排放的现状；可持续发展对汽柴油质量和生产过程清洁化的要求；原油资源量、产量的变化趋势和未来的供需矛盾。提出了我国蜡油及渣油深加工要大力发展加氢型装置，严格控制脱碳型装置建设的建议。为降低加氢型装置的投资及运行费用，提高其经济性，就开发推广新技术、新工艺提出了几条途径：积极推广和改进蜡油中压加氢裂化技术；不断改进蜡油高压加氢裂化技术；开发加氢裂化和加氢处理(或精制)组合工艺；开发蜡油物理法预精制与加氢裂化、渣油物理法预精制与加氢处理组合工艺；开发适宜的新型催化材料，不断改进催化剂性能；开发蜡油及渣油悬浮床加氢裂化工艺技术；开发廉价氢源技术；继续推进蜡油及渣油加氢型装置装备国产化。

ENERGETICALLY DEVELOPING HYDROGENATION UNITS FOR DEEP PROCESSING VGO AND RESIDUAL OIL

The configuration of VGO and residual oil processing units, the status quo of gasoline and diesel fuel quality and the flue gas emission during refinery production, the requirement of sustainable growth for gasoline and diesel fuel quality and cleansing of production, as well as the crude resource and the fluctuation of crude production, and the contradiction between future demand and supply in China are analyzed. It is proposed that hydrogenation units should be energetically developed and stringently controlled the construction of decarbonization units in China for deep processing VGO and residual oil. Aiming at reducing the investment and operation cost of hydrogenation units and increasing the economic benefit, several approaches for spreading and modifying new technologies and processes are suggested, such as actively spreading and improving VGO medium-pressure hydrocracking process, modifying VGO high-pressure hydrocracking process, developing hycrocracking and hydrotreating (or hydrofinishing) combined process, developing the integrations of VGO physical pretreating succeeded by hydrocracking process and residue oil physical pretreating followed by hydrotreating process, exploring proper new type catalytic materials to improve catalyst performance, developing suspension-bed hydrocracking technology for VGO and residual oil, developing low consumption technology to produce hydrogen, and putting forward the domestic production of hydrogenation units for processing VGO and residual oil.